TIMELINE OF THE SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION - THE INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES
1851 - Isaac Singer invented the modern sewing machine1851 - Léon Foucault invented the Foucault pendulum a device demonstrating the effect of the Earth's rotation
1855 - Henry Bessemer presented the process (Bessemer process) for the mass-production of steel from molten pig iron
1858 - August Kekulé founded the theory of chemical structure
1859 - Charles Darwin presented the theory of natural selection
1859 - Gaston Planté invented electric battery
1859 - Edwin Drake first drilled oil in the United States
1860 - Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch presented important discoveries from bacteriology
1860 - Etienne Lenoir invented the internal combustion engine
1861 - Johann Philipp Reis constructed one of the first working telephones
1861 - James Clerk Maxwell created the first color photography
1863 - William Bullock invented the rotary printing press
1864 - Siemens-Martin process was introduced in steel production
1865 - Gregor Mendel discovered the inheritance law
1865 - Nicholas-Joseph Cugnot constructed the Steam Tractor
1866 - Ernst Werner von Siemens invented dynamo
1866 - Robert Whitehead invented torpedo
1867 - Christopher Sholes invented typewriter
1867 - Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister introduced sterile surgery
1867 - Alfred Nobel discovered dynamite
1867 - Siegfried Markus invented the ignition device
1868 - Pierre Janssen discovered helium
1868 - John Wesley Hyatt invented celluloid
1869 - Dmitri Mendeleev created the periodic table
1876 - Alexander Graham Bell and Antonio Meucci separately invented telephone
1876 - Nikolaus Otto invented the internal-combustion engine
1877 - Thomas Alva Edison invented the phonograph
1879 - Thomas Alva Edison invented the long lasting light bulb
1880 - Frederic Eugene Ives invented the half-tone letterpress
1881 - the first electric passenger train started to drive in Berlin
1881 - Robert Koch discovered the tuberculosis bacillus
1883 - Gottlieb Daimler invented the modern petrol engine
1883 - Hiram Stevens Maxim invented the automatic machine gun
1884 - Charles Algernon Parsons invented the steam turbine
1884 - Ottmar Mergenthaler invented the Linotype machine
1885 - Comte de Chardonnay developed first artificial silk
1885 - James Starley invented chain-driven bicycle
1885 - Louis Paster created the first vaccine for rabies
1885 - Karl Benz invented the gasoline-powered automobile
1885 - Gottlieb Daimler invented the gasoline-powered two-wheeler considered the first motorcycle
1885 - first operation of Vermiform appendix was performed
1885 - aseptic technique was first used during operation
1886 - Heinrich Hertz demonstrated the existence of electromagnetic radiation
1887 - Emile Berliner invented the disc record gramophone
1887 - Paul Héroult invented the electric steel furnace
1887 - Nikola Tesla invented induction motor
1888 - John Boyd Dunlop developed the first practical pneumatic tyre
1889 - Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky transmitted electric power at the distance
1890 - Sigmund Freud began with the psychoanalysis
1891 - Nikola Tesla invented the magnifying transmitter
1891-96 Otto Lilienthal made first repeated successful gliding flights
1892 - Emil von Behring developed an antitoxin for diphtheria
1893 - Carl von Linde liquefied air
1894 - the bacterium of plague was discovered
1895 - X-rays (or Röntgen rays) were discovered by Wilhelm Röntgen
1895 - the Bayer company of Germany discovered aspirin
1895 - the Lumiere brothers, Auguste and Louis, held the first screening of projected motion pictures
1896 - Rudulf Diesel invented the diesel engine
1897 - J. J. Thomson discovered electron
1898 - Radium was discovered by Maria Curie and her husband Pierre
1899 - Valdemar Poulsen developed a magnetic wire recorder
1899 - Frederick G. Creed invented teleprinter
1900 - first Zeppelin was made by German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin
1901 - Guglielmo Marconi invented wireless telegraph
1903 - the Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, built the first fixed-wing aircraft